Legal knowledge

    The land except that in citizen’s private ownership, as well as the subsoil with its mineral wealth, forests, water resources, and game is the property of the State. The State may give for private ownership plots of land except pastures and areas under public and special use, only to the citizens of Mongolia.  This provision does not apply to the ownership of the subsoil thereof.

    Citizens are prohibited to transfer the land in their possession to foreigners and stateless persons by way of selling, bartering, donating, or pledging as well as transferring to others for exploitation without permission from competent state authorities. The State may allow foreign nationals, legal entities, and stateless persons to lease land for a specified period of time under conditions and procedures as provided by law.

   Under Mongolian law, there are three types of rights related to land:

• Land Ownership; 

• Land Possession; 

• Land Use.

   Mongolian citizens of 18 years and over (hereinafter referred to as "citizens"), companies and organizations may possess or use land in compliance with Law of Mongolia on land. Unless otherwise provided in law, following land, shall be used for common purpose under relevant government agency’s control and regulation:

1. pasturelands, water points in pasturelands, wells and salt licks;

2. public tenure lands in cities, villages and other urban settlements;

3. land under roads and networks;

4. lands with forest resources;

5. lands with water resources.

   Foreign countries, international organizations, foreign legal entities, entities with foreign investment, foreign citizens and stateless persons may become users of land for a specific purpose and a specific time period subject to contract conditions and in compliance with the law.

Source: Law of Mongolia On Land